Unit 1 · 1.4 — Carbohydrates [cite: 9, 24]

Everything to learn here

• Concept: Carbohydrates serve primarily as short-term cellular energy sources and structural building materials [cite: 13, 25].
• Concept: Carbohydrates are composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, frequently adhering to a 1:2:1 ratio [cite: 25].
• Vocabulary: Monosaccharide — the simplest carbohydrate monomer, such as glucose or fructose [cite: 14, 25].
• Vocabulary: Disaccharide — two monosaccharides covalently linked together, such as sucrose or lactose [cite: 14, 25].
• Vocabulary: Polysaccharide — large polymers of many monosaccharides, such as starch, glycogen, or cellulose [cite: 14, 25].
• Vocabulary: Glycosidic Linkage — the specific covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides via dehydration synthesis [cite: 14].
• Skill: FRQ Task Verb "Describe" — Describe the structural differences between energy storage polysaccharides (starch) and structural polysaccharides (cellulose) [cite: 17, 22].
• Concept: Carbohydrate polymers are formed by covalent bonds between monomers and can be organized into linear or branched structures.
• Vocabulary: Vocabulary: Monosaccharides — the basic carbohydrate monomers used to assemble complex polysaccharide polymers.

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